Noël Xavier, Jaafari Nematollah, Bechara Antoine
Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Unité de Recherche Clinique Intersectorielle en Psychiatrie à vocation régionale Pierre Deniker, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France; Université de Poitiers-INSERM CIC-P 1402 CHU de Poitiers-INSERM U 1084, Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory-Groupement de Recherche CNRS, Poitiers, France.
Prog Brain Res. 2017;235:219-237. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.07.011. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
Mental time travel (MTT) allows navigation into the past, the future, and the minds of others, and it subserves future-oriented decision-making. Impaired MTT has been associated with a tendency to over-rely on the present, which is a characteristic of addictive behaviors. We here discuss the possible relationship between impaired autographical memory, future-oriented MTT, shortened time horizons, suboptimal social cognition, and poor decision-making in individuals with drug and gambling use disorders. We elaborate on how impaired MTT could compromise the process of change in addiction recovery and the effectiveness of psychotherapy. We argue that facilitating MTT represents, for individuals with addictive behaviors, an important process to enhance readiness to change, and to improve the quality and the efficiency of psychosocial interventions that focus on "emotional correction."
心理时间旅行（MTT）使人能够在过去、未来以及他人的思维中穿梭，它有助于进行面向未来的决策。MTT受损与过度依赖当下的倾向有关，这是成瘾行为的一个特征。我们在此讨论药物和赌博使用障碍患者的自传体记忆受损、面向未来的MTT、缩短的时间视野、次优的社会认知以及不良决策之间可能存在的关系。我们详细阐述了MTT受损如何可能损害成瘾康复中的改变过程以及心理治疗的效果。我们认为，对于有成瘾行为的个体而言，促进MTT是增强改变意愿、提高以“情感矫正”为重点的心理社会干预质量和效率的一个重要过程。
