Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Cell Signal. 2018 Jan;42:134-143. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.10.009. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by genomic and epigenomic alterations. However, the mechanisms underlying oral squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis and progression remain to be elucidated. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) are emerging groups of regulatory RNAs, which possess low or no protein-coding potential. Emerging lines of evidence indicates that deregulated expression of lncRNAs and circular RNAs are associated with the induction and progression of various cancers, including oral cancer, through epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional alterations. In this review, we highlight the expression and functional roles of extracellular RNAs, lncRNAs, and circular RNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的特征是基因组和表观基因组改变。然而，口腔鳞状细胞癌发生和发展的机制仍有待阐明。长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）、环状 RNA（circRNA）和细胞外 RNA（exRNA）是新兴的调节 RNA 组，它们具有低或无蛋白编码潜力。越来越多的证据表明，lncRNA 和 circRNA 的表达失调与多种癌症的诱导和进展有关，包括口腔癌，通过表观遗传、转录和转录后改变。在这篇综述中，我们强调了细胞外 RNA、lncRNA 和 circRNA 在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达和功能作用，并讨论了它们作为诊断或预后生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜在临床应用。
