Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, General Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2018 Jul;26(7):1901-1908. doi: 10.1007/s00167-017-4758-5. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
Team handball is associated with a high risk of severe knee injury that needs to be reduced, particularly at the youth level. The purpose of this study was to show how an injury-prevention programme effectively reduces severe knee injury in adolescent team handball players.
Of 23 adolescent handball teams of both sexes, 13 were randomly allocated into the intervention group (168 players) and 10 into the control group (111 players). Players of the intervention group regularly participated in an injury-prevention programme for one season. Handball exposure and sustained injuries were documented for both groups on a monthly basis. The primary outcome parameter of the injury-prevention programme was the incidence of severe knee injury.
Of the 279 included players, 68 (24%) sustained 82 injuries yielding an overall incidence of 1.85 injuries per 1000 h handball exposure (intervention group: 50 injuries/incidence: 1.90/1000 h; control group: 32 injuries/incidence: 1.78/1000 h). Knee injury was the second most frequent injury in adolescent team handball. The primary outcome parameter, severe knee injury occurred significantly more often in the control group [mean age (SD) 15.1 (1.0), injury incidence 0.33/1000 h] than in the intervention group [mean age (SD) 14.9 (0.9), injury incidence 0.04/1000 h]. The odds ratio was 0.11 (95% CI 0.01-0.90), p = 0.019. Other injuries to the lower extremities showed no significant difference between the two groups.
Frequent neuromuscular exercises prevent severe knee injury in adolescent team handball players and should thus be included in the practical routine as well as in the education of team coaches.
手球项目与严重膝伤风险较高相关，需要降低这种风险，尤其是在青少年群体中。本研究旨在展示预防计划如何有效地减少青少年手球运动员的严重膝伤。
在 23 支男女混合手球队伍中，13 支队伍被随机分配到干预组（168 名运动员），10 支队伍被分配到对照组（111 名运动员）。干预组的运动员在一个赛季中定期参加预防计划。两组每月记录手球暴露和持续受伤情况。预防计划的主要结果参数是严重膝伤的发生率。
在 279 名纳入的运动员中，68 名（24%）发生了 82 次损伤，总发生率为每 1000 小时手球暴露 1.85 次损伤（干预组：50 次损伤/发生率：1.90/1000 小时；对照组：32 次损伤/发生率：1.78/1000 小时）。膝伤是青少年手球中第二常见的损伤。主要结果参数，即严重膝伤在对照组中更为常见[平均年龄（标准差）15.1（1.0），损伤发生率 0.33/1000 小时]，而在干预组中较少见[平均年龄（标准差）14.9（0.9），损伤发生率 0.04/1000 小时]。优势比为 0.11（95%可信区间 0.01-0.90），p=0.019。两组之间下肢其他损伤无显著差异。
频繁的神经肌肉练习可预防青少年手球运动员的严重膝伤，因此应将其纳入实践常规以及团队教练的教育中。
