Boland Jennifer K, Rosenfeld Barry
1 Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2018 Jul;62(9):2709-2725. doi: 10.1177/0306624X17735093. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
Diversion programs offer opportunities to offenders with substance abuse or mental illness to attend treatment as an alternative to incarceration. The present study identified variables associated with drug relapse and recidivism and the moderating role of substance use on recidivism in a diversion sample. Data were collected from 80 clients with psychotic disorders from a diversion program in New York City. Outcomes were examined after 6 and 12 months of program participation. Individuals who used controlled substances other than alcohol or cannabis were more likely to have a positive toxicology result than those who used alcohol or cannabis only or those with no alcohol/drug history. Individuals with schizoaffective disorder were more likely to be rearrested than individuals with other diagnoses, as were those with a violent offense (e.g., assault, robbery). Positive toxicology results were unrelated to rearrest and did not moderate recidivism, suggesting substance abuse may be only indirectly related to rearrest among diverted offenders.
转处项目为有药物滥用或精神疾病的罪犯提供了参加治疗的机会，以替代监禁。本研究在一个转处样本中确定了与药物复发和累犯相关的变量，以及物质使用对累犯的调节作用。数据收集自纽约市一个转处项目的80名患有精神疾病的客户。在参与项目6个月和12个月后对结果进行了检查。使用除酒精或大麻以外的受控物质的个体比仅使用酒精或大麻的个体或没有酒精/药物使用史的个体更有可能有阳性毒理学结果。患有分裂情感性障碍的个体比患有其他诊断的个体更有可能再次被捕，有暴力犯罪（如袭击、抢劫）的个体也是如此。阳性毒理学结果与再次被捕无关，也没有调节累犯，这表明药物滥用可能仅与转处罪犯中的再次被捕间接相关。
