Department for Health Services Research, Assistance Systems and Medical Devices, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2018 Jan;21(1):14-18. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000433.
To highlight the importance of nutrition in older adults undergoing a rehabilitation program. Geriatric rehabilitation aims at the recovery of physical abilities for a largely independent life in the community. The term 'geriatric rehabilitation' is wide and includes inpatient and ambulatory care as well as rehabilitation programs in hospitals, also outside geriatric wards. The role of nutrition is therefore not clearly defined, but an association between declined functional status and low nutritional status is evident.
An association has been identified between malnutrition and low physical function or lower rehabilitation effect, respectively. In intervention trials with nutritional care (additional energy or protein), a number of benefits for muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function, or the outcomes quality of life and rehospitalization were identified. In this context, the combination of exercise and adequate nutrition seems to be beneficial.
Geriatric patients undergoing a rehabilitation program outside inpatient, ambulatory, or hospitalization care need an adequate supply of energy and nutrients. Malnutrition must be avoided, ideally before starting rehabilitation. Nutritional interventions are most beneficial in combination with exercise training.
强调营养在接受康复计划的老年人中的重要性。老年康复旨在恢复身体能力，以便在社区中实现大部分独立的生活。“老年康复”一词很广泛，包括住院和门诊护理以及医院内的康复计划，也包括老年病房外的康复计划。因此，营养的作用没有明确界定，但功能状态下降和营养状况不佳之间存在关联。
营养不良与身体功能下降或康复效果降低之间存在关联。在有营养护理（额外的能量或蛋白质）的干预试验中，发现肌肉质量、肌肉力量、身体功能或生活质量和再住院率等方面有许多益处。在这方面，运动和充足的营养相结合似乎是有益的。
接受住院、门诊或住院康复治疗以外的康复计划的老年患者需要充足的能量和营养供应。必须避免营养不良，理想情况下在开始康复之前就应避免。营养干预与运动训练相结合最有益。
