Sahafi Ehtramolsadat, Peeri Maghsoud, Hosseini Mir-Jamal, Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali
Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Physiol Behav. 2018 Jan 1;183:39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.10.022. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
Early life stress (ELS) is known as a risk factor for the development of depression and its associated comorbidities, such as cardiomyopathy in depressed patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of depression and cardiovascular diseases. Evidence indicates that regular physical activity has therapeutic effects on both mood and cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, the voluntary running wheel exercise (RW) during adolescence may be able to attenuate the negative impact of maternal separation stress (MS) as a valid animal model of depression on the behavior and cardiac mitochondrial function of adult rats. To do this, we applied MS to rat pups by separating them from their mothers for 180min during the postnatal day (PND) 2 to PND 14. Next, the animals were randomly divided into different treatment groups (fluoxetine [FLX] and RW) and received the treatments during adolescence, between PND 28 to PND 60. Then, we evaluated the effects of MS on the rat behaviors test, and finally, we assessed reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial glutathione, ATP and cytochrome c release in the cardiac tissue of animals. Our results showed that depressive-like behaviors following MS in adult male rats were associated with oxidative stress in cardiac tissue. Further, we found that treating animals with chronic FLX or RW during adolescence improved animal's behavior as well as cardiac mitochondrial function. The results of this study highlight the importance of adolescence as a period during which treating animals with non-pharmacological agents has significant protective effects against the negative influence of ELS on mood and cardiac energy hemostasis.
早年生活应激（ELS）是抑郁症及其相关合并症（如抑郁症患者的心肌病）发生发展的一个风险因素。线粒体功能障碍在抑郁症和心血管疾病的病理生理学中起关键作用。有证据表明，规律的体育活动对情绪和心血管疾病都有治疗作用。因此，青春期的自愿跑步轮运动（RW）可能能够减轻作为抑郁症有效动物模型的母婴分离应激（MS）对成年大鼠行为和心脏线粒体功能的负面影响。为此，我们在出生后第2天至第14天期间，将幼鼠与其母亲分离180分钟，对其施加MS。接下来，将动物随机分为不同的治疗组（氟西汀[FLX]和RW），并在青春期（出生后第28天至第60天）接受治疗。然后，我们评估了MS对大鼠行为测试的影响，最后，我们评估了动物心脏组织中的活性氧、线粒体谷胱甘肽、ATP和细胞色素c释放。我们的结果表明，成年雄性大鼠MS后的抑郁样行为与心脏组织中的氧化应激有关。此外，我们发现青春期用慢性FLX或RW治疗动物可改善动物行为以及心脏线粒体功能。这项研究的结果突出了青春期的重要性，在此期间用非药物制剂治疗动物对ELS对情绪和心脏能量稳态的负面影响具有显著的保护作用。
