a Center for Neuroscience Discovery and Institute for Healthy Aging , University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth , 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth , TX 76107 , USA.
Nutr Neurosci. 2019 Jun;22(6):375-391. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1391933. Epub 2017 Oct 24.
Genistein is a plant estrogen promoted as an alternative to post-menopausal hormone therapy because of a good safety profile and its promotion as a natural product. Several preclinical studies of cerebral ischemia and other models of brain injury support a beneficial role for genistein in protecting the brain from injury whether administered chronically or acutely. Like estrogen, genistein is a pleiotropic molecule that engages several different mechanisms to enhance brain health, including reduction of oxidative stress, promotion of growth factor signaling, and immune suppression. These actions occur in endothelial, glial, and neuronal cells to provide a coordinated beneficial action to ischemic challenge. Though many of these protective actions are associated with estrogen-like actions of genistein, additional activities on other receptors and intracellular targets suggest that genistein is more than a mere estrogen-mimic. Importantly, genistein lacks some of the detrimental effects associated with post-menopausal estrogen treatment and may provide an alternative to hormone therapy in those patients at risk for ischemic events.
染料木黄酮是一种植物雌激素，因其安全性良好且被宣传为天然产品，而被推荐作为绝经后激素替代疗法的替代品。几项关于脑缺血和其他脑损伤模型的临床前研究支持染料木黄酮在保护大脑免受损伤方面具有有益作用，无论是慢性给药还是急性给药。与雌激素一样，染料木黄酮是一种多效分子，通过多种不同的机制来增强大脑健康，包括减少氧化应激、促进生长因子信号传递和免疫抑制。这些作用发生在血管内皮细胞、神经胶质细胞和神经元细胞中，为缺血性挑战提供协调的有益作用。虽然这些保护作用中的许多都与染料木黄酮的雌激素样作用有关，但对其他受体和细胞内靶点的额外作用表明，染料木黄酮不仅仅是一种雌激素模拟物。重要的是，染料木黄酮缺乏与绝经后雌激素治疗相关的一些有害作用，并且可能为那些有缺血事件风险的患者提供激素替代疗法的替代方案。
