Chalupa Robyn L, Marble W Sanders
Robyn L. Chalupa practices orthopedics at Carl R. Darnall Military Medical Center in Fort Hood, Tex. W. Sanders Marble is a senior historian in the Office of Medical History at US Army Medical Command at Fort Sam Houston in Texas. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of Brooke Army Medical Center, the US Army Medical Department, the US Army Office of the Surgeon General, the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the US government.
JAAPA. 2017 Nov;30(11):39-43. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000525910.74978.89.
The US military has a long tradition of using physician assistants (PAs). The Army began using PAs in 1971 in an effort to supplement the physicians and surgeons in the medical corps. As their numbers grew, PAs gradually replaced general medical officers assigned to battalions. Later, specialty positions developed in aviation medicine, orthopedics, and emergency medicine. The need for a PA serving as an adviser in the major commands slowly developed at all levels of leadership. In 2015, the Army removed limitations on female PAs assigned to combat units. PAs lead in tactical and clinical settings, filling command roles, senior clinical positions, and administrative leadership roles.
美国军方长期以来一直有使用医师助理（PA）的传统。陆军于1971年开始使用医师助理，以补充医疗部队中的内科医生和外科医生。随着他们的数量增加，医师助理逐渐取代了分配到各营的普通军医。后来，在航空医学、骨科和急诊医学领域出现了专业职位。在各级领导层，对担任主要司令部顾问的医师助理的需求也在慢慢形成。2015年，陆军取消了对分配到作战部队的女性医师助理的限制。医师助理在战术和临床环境中发挥领导作用，担任指挥角色、高级临床职位和行政领导角色。
