Luther Lauren, Bonfils Kelsey A, Firmin Ruth L, Buck Kelly D, Choi Jimmy, Dimaggio Giancarlo, Popolo Raffaele, Minor Kyle S, Lysaker Paul H
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2017 Dec;205(12):960-966. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000000753.
Metacognition deficits are a putative cause of reduced motivation in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, it is unclear whether certain levels of metacognition are necessary for motivation to emerge. This study used a Necessary Condition Analysis to test whether metacognition was necessary for the presence of motivation and to identify the minimum level of metacognition necessary for high motivation to be possible in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (N = 175). Participants completed clinician-rated measures of metacognition and motivation. Necessary Condition Analysis revealed that metacognition is a necessary condition for motivation and that high levels of motivation were only possible, although not guaranteed, when at least a basic level of metacognition was present. The findings suggest that metacognition is a necessary building block for the development of motivation. Results suggest that targeting metacognition may be essential for improving motivation among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who do not meet this metacognition threshold.
元认知缺陷被认为是精神分裂症谱系障碍患者动机降低的一个原因。然而，尚不清楚一定水平的元认知对于动机的出现是否必要。本研究采用必要条件分析来检验元认知对于动机的存在是否必要，并确定精神分裂症谱系障碍患者（N = 175）实现高动机所需的最低元认知水平。参与者完成了由临床医生评定的元认知和动机测量。必要条件分析表明，元认知是动机的必要条件，并且只有当至少存在基本水平的元认知时，才有可能出现高水平的动机，尽管不能保证。研究结果表明，元认知是动机发展的必要组成部分。结果表明，对于未达到这一元认知阈值的精神分裂症谱系障碍患者，针对元认知进行干预可能对提高动机至关重要。
