Lungu Petru Fabian, Lungu Corina-Miruna, Ciobîcă Alin, Balmus Ioana Miruna, Boloș Alexandra, Dobrin Romeo, Luca Alina Costina
Faculty of Biology, Biology Department, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences/Psychology Department, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
Brain Sci. 2023 Jun 28;13(7):1004. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13071004.
Metacognition essentially represents "thinking about thinking", or the individual's capacity to control and monitor their own cognitive processes. Metacognition impairment in schizophrenia represents a core feature of the disease, and, in the last fifteen years, the subject has evolved into a growing study area concentrating on a wide variety of processes, such as clinical insight, autobiographical memory, cognitive beliefs, reasoning, and memory biases. Since metacognition is a complex subject, we wanted to focus on the different nuances of metacognition transposed into the lives of patients diagnosed with either schizophrenia or a schizoaffective disorder. Therefore, this narrative review aims to analyze the literature in order to provide an insight regarding the current methods and approaches in the study of metacognition in schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders, as well as the results provided. Results from the reviewed studies showed that patients with schizophrenia have a lower metacognitive ability, which is strongly reflected in their lives. Studies to date have highlighted the interaction between schizophrenia symptoms and metacognition, which shows how metacognition impacts work performance, autobiographical memory, motivation, the severity of symptoms, and social cognition.
元认知本质上代表着“对思考的思考”，即个体控制和监控自身认知过程的能力。精神分裂症中的元认知损害是该疾病的一个核心特征，在过去十五年里，这一主题已发展成为一个不断壮大的研究领域，专注于临床洞察力、自传体记忆、认知信念、推理和记忆偏差等各种各样的过程。由于元认知是一个复杂的主题，我们希望聚焦于元认知在被诊断为精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍患者生活中的不同细微差别。因此，本叙述性综述旨在分析相关文献，以便深入了解目前在精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍元认知研究中的方法和途径，以及所得到的结果。综述研究的结果表明，精神分裂症患者的元认知能力较低，这在他们的生活中得到了强烈体现。迄今为止的研究突出了精神分裂症症状与元认知之间的相互作用，这显示了元认知如何影响工作表现、自传体记忆、动机、症状严重程度和社会认知。
