McKiernan Erin C
Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
PLoS Biol. 2017 Oct 24;15(10):e1002614. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002614. eCollection 2017 Oct.
Open scholarship, such as the sharing of articles, code, data, and educational resources, has the potential to improve university research and education as well as increase the impact universities can have beyond their own walls. To support this perspective, I present evidence from case studies, published literature, and personal experiences as a practicing open scholar. I describe some of the challenges inherent to practicing open scholarship and some of the tensions created by incompatibilities between institutional policies and personal practice. To address this, I propose several concrete actions universities could take to support open scholarship and outline ways in which such initiatives could benefit the public as well as institutions. Importantly, I do not think most of these actions would require new funding but rather a redistribution of existing funds and a rewriting of internal policies to better align with university missions of knowledge dissemination and societal impact.
开放学术，例如文章、代码、数据和教育资源的共享，有潜力改善大学的研究与教育，同时增强大学在校园之外所能产生的影响力。为支持这一观点，作为一名践行开放学术的学者，我展示了来自案例研究、已发表文献以及个人经历的证据。我描述了践行开放学术所固有的一些挑战，以及机构政策与个人实践之间的不兼容性所造成的一些矛盾。为解决这一问题，我提出了大学可以采取的几项具体行动，以支持开放学术，并概述了这些举措造福公众和机构的方式。重要的是，我认为这些行动大多不需要新的资金，而是需要对现有资金进行重新分配，并重新制定内部政策，以更好地与大学的知识传播使命和社会影响力相契合。
