Vañó E, Miller D L, Martin C J, Rehani M M, Kang K, Rosenstein M, Ortiz-López P, Mattsson S, Padovani R, Rogers A
Ann ICRP. 2017 Oct;46(1):1-144. doi: 10.1177/0146645317717209.
The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) first introduced the term ‘diagnostic reference level’ (DRL) in 1996 in Publication 73. The concept was subsequently developed further, and practical guidance was provided in 2001. The DRL has been proven to be an effective tool that aids in optimisation of protection in the medical exposure of patients for diagnostic and interventional procedures. However, with time, it has become evident that additional advice is needed. There are issues related to definitions of the terms used in previous guidance, determination of the values for DRLs, the appropriate interval for re-evaluating and updating these values, appropriate use of DRLs in clinical practice, methods for practical application of DRLs, and application of the DRL concept to newer imaging technologies. This publication is intended as a further source of information and guidance on these issues. Some terminology has been clarified. In addition, this publication recommends quantities for use as DRLs for various imaging modalities, and provides information on the use of DRLs for interventional procedures and in paediatric imaging. It suggests modifications in the conduct of DRL surveys that take advantage of automated reporting of radiation-dose-related quantities, and highlights the importance of including information on DRLs in training programmes for healthcare workers. The target audience for this publication is national, regional, and local authorities; professional societies; and facilities that use ionising radiation for medical purposes, and responsible staff within these facilities. A full set of the Commission’s recommendations is provided.
国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）于1996年在第73号出版物中首次引入了“诊断参考水平”（DRL）这一术语。随后这一概念得到了进一步发展，并于2001年提供了实用指南。事实证明，诊断参考水平是一种有效的工具，有助于优化患者在诊断和介入程序医疗照射中的防护。然而，随着时间的推移，显然需要更多建议。存在一些与先前指南中使用的术语定义、诊断参考水平值的确定、重新评估和更新这些值的适当间隔、诊断参考水平在临床实践中的恰当使用、诊断参考水平的实际应用方法以及诊断参考水平概念在更新的成像技术中的应用等相关的问题。本出版物旨在作为关于这些问题的进一步信息和指南来源。一些术语已得到澄清。此外，本出版物推荐了用作各种成像模态诊断参考水平的量，并提供了关于介入程序和儿科成像中诊断参考水平使用的信息。它建议对诊断参考水平调查的开展进行改进，以利用与辐射剂量相关量的自动报告，并强调在医护人员培训计划中纳入诊断参考水平信息的重要性。本出版物的目标受众是国家、区域和地方当局；专业协会；以及使用电离辐射进行医疗目的的机构及其内部的责任人员。提供了委员会的全套建议。
