Zhong Xiaonan, Zhou Yifan, Lu Tingting, Wang Zhanhang, Fang Ling, Peng Lisheng, Kermode Allan G, Qiu Wei
Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Neurology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, China.
J Clin Neurosci. 2018 Jan;47:14-19. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.10.005. Epub 2017 Oct 21.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory astrocytopathy that has both genetic and environmental causes. A growing body of evidence suggests that the presence of several infectious agents correlates with the development of NMOSD. In this review, we summarize studies that either support or present evidence against the hypothesized association between infection and NMOSD. We will also present an overview of potential mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NMOSD. Finally, we provide some beneficial properties that infectious elements may have based on "hygiene hypothesis". It is of great clinical significance to further investigate the complex mechanisms by which infections may affect autoimmune diseases to develop better strategies to prevent and treat them, although so far no causal link between infectious agents and NMOSD has been established.
视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍（NMOSD）是一种具有遗传和环境病因的炎症性星形细胞病。越来越多的证据表明，多种感染因子的存在与NMOSD的发生相关。在本综述中，我们总结了支持或反对感染与NMOSD之间假设关联的研究。我们还将概述NMOSD发病机制的潜在机制。最后，我们基于“卫生假说”阐述感染因素可能具有的一些有益特性。尽管目前尚未确定感染因子与NMOSD之间的因果关系，但进一步研究感染可能影响自身免疫性疾病的复杂机制，以制定更好的预防和治疗策略具有重要的临床意义。
