Schoenen J
Service de Neurologie, Université de Liège, Belgique.
Rev Neurol (Paris). 1988;144(11):630-42.
Modern neuroanatomical methods, specifically immunocytochemistry and receptor autoradiography, have greatly increased our knowledge on the organization of the human nervous system. This review, based on the literature and largely on personal results, is devoted to the chemical neuroanatomy of the normal human spinal cord. It provides a comprehensive overview of the differential distribution of various chemical messengers, their metabolizing enzymes and their receptors (acetylcholine, amino acids, monoamines, neuropeptides) in the neuronal laminae of the spinal gray matter. At the level of the dorsal horn, lamina II, i.e. Rolando's substantia gelatinosa, is characterized by a heavy concentration of several transmitters and receptors. Within the intermediate gray matter the autonomic nuclei receive a dense peptidergic input, e.g. substance P, enkephalin and VIP afferents. In the ventral horn close contacts are numerous between serotonergic or peptidergic (SP, TRH, enkephalins...) fibers and motoneuronal perikarya or dendrites. The present knowledge on the putative role of certain neurotransmitters in spinal functions is summarized.
现代神经解剖学方法，特别是免疫细胞化学和受体放射自显影技术，极大地增进了我们对人类神经系统组织结构的了解。这篇综述基于文献，主要是个人研究成果，致力于探讨正常人类脊髓的化学神经解剖学。它全面概述了各种化学信使、其代谢酶及其受体（乙酰胆碱、氨基酸、单胺、神经肽）在脊髓灰质神经元板层中的差异分布。在背角层面，板层II，即罗兰多胶状质，其特征是多种递质和受体高度集中。在中间灰质内，自主神经核接受密集的肽能输入，例如P物质、脑啡肽和血管活性肠肽传入纤维。在腹角，5-羟色胺能或肽能（P物质、促甲状腺激素释放激素、脑啡肽等）纤维与运动神经元胞体或树突之间存在大量紧密接触。本文总结了目前关于某些神经递质在脊髓功能中假定作用的知识。
