Owen H, Mather L E, Rowley K
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide.
Anaesth Intensive Care. 1988 Nov;16(4):437-47. doi: 10.1177/0310057X8801600409.
Patient-controlled analgesia has successfully made the transition from research tool to clinical acceptability. Reliable and sophisticated patient-controlled analgesia systems are commercially available. The technique has been most used for control of postoperative pain but has been successfully used during labour, after burns and other trauma and in terminal care. Virtually every opioid has been administered by patient-controlled analgesia using almost every route of administration. It is more effective than the traditional techniques of pain control after surgery but is not automatically so. Choice of opioid and the settings chosen for demand dose and lockout interval greatly influence effectiveness. Patient-controlled analgesia requires active participation by the patient but the psychology of patient-controlled analgesia has generally been under-estimated. Patient-controlled analgesia has developed empirically and many assumptions have been made; there is a need for fundamental research.
患者自控镇痛已成功地从研究工具转变为临床可接受的方法。可靠且精密的患者自控镇痛系统在市场上有售。该技术最常用于控制术后疼痛，但也已成功应用于分娩期间、烧伤及其他创伤后以及临终关怀中。几乎每种阿片类药物都通过患者自控镇痛以几乎每种给药途径进行给药。它比传统的术后疼痛控制技术更有效，但并非必然如此。阿片类药物的选择以及为需求剂量和锁定间隔所设定的参数对有效性有很大影响。患者自控镇痛需要患者积极参与，但患者自控镇痛的心理学因素通常被低估了。患者自控镇痛是凭经验发展起来的，存在许多假设；因此需要进行基础研究。
