Krakat Niclas, Demirel Burak, Anjum Reshma, Dietz Donna
Department of Bioprocess-Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bio-Economy Potsdam, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany E-mail:
Institute of Environmental Science, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey.
Water Sci Technol. 2017 Oct;76(7-8):1925-1938. doi: 10.2166/wst.2017.406.
The anaerobic digestion of substrates with high ammonia content has always been a bottleneck in the methanisation process of biomasses. Since microbial communities in anaerobic digesters are sensitive to free ammonia at certain conditions, the digestion of nitrogen-rich substrates such as livestock wastes may result in inhibition/toxicity eventually leading to process failures, unless appropriate engineering precautions are taken. There are many different options reported in literature to remove ammonia from anaerobic digesters to achieve a safe and stable process so that along with high methane yields, a good quality of effluents can also be obtained. Conventional techniques to remove ammonia include physical/chemical methods, immobilization and adaptation of microorganisms, while novel methods include ultrasonication, microwave, hollow fiber membranes and microbial fuel cell applications. This paper discusses conventional and novel methods of ammonia removal from anaerobic digesters using nitrogen-rich substrates, with particular focus on recent literature available about this topic.
高氨含量底物的厌氧消化一直是生物质甲烷化过程中的一个瓶颈。由于厌氧消化器中的微生物群落在某些条件下对游离氨敏感，富含氮的底物（如畜禽粪便）的消化可能会导致抑制/毒性，最终导致工艺失败，除非采取适当的工程预防措施。文献中报道了许多不同的从厌氧消化器中去除氨的方法，以实现安全稳定的工艺，这样在获得高甲烷产量的同时，还能得到高质量的废水。传统的氨去除技术包括物理/化学方法、微生物固定化和适应性处理，而新方法包括超声处理、微波处理、中空纤维膜和微生物燃料电池应用。本文讨论了使用富含氮的底物从厌氧消化器中去除氨的传统方法和新方法，特别关注了有关该主题的最新文献。
