Alexiadou Amalia, Bozikas Vasilis P, Kosmidis Mary H, Parlapani Eleni, Kiosseoglou Grigoris, Fokas Konstantinos
1st Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
1st Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Compr Psychiatry. 2018 Jan;80:81-88. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Sep 12.
Autobiographical memory (AM) involves recollection of personal events and facts about one's life. Αim of the present study was to investigate AM in schizophrenia patients, and, in particular, patients' ability to recall autobiographical memories after controlling for verbal memory and verbal fluency deficits.
Participants included 40 schizophrenia patients (23 male) and 40 healthy controls (23 male), matched for age, gender, educational level, and premorbid intellectual functioning. Participants' verbal memory (list learning and story recall) and verbal fluency were assessed. AM was evaluated by the Questionnaire of Autobiographical Memory, consisting of the Personal Semantic Memory scale and the Autobiographical Incidents scale. Furthermore, personal incidents' specificity was examined.
Schizophrenia patients showed deficits in verbal memory and verbal fluency, as well as in both semantic and episodic AM compared with healthy controls. Deficits were shown in episodic and semantic memories of events and facts dating to three different life periods (childhood, early adulthood and recent life). Regarding specificity of recalled events, patients reported fewer specific autobiographical incidents than controls. After controlling AM deficits for patients' verbal memory and verbal fluency impairment, it was shown that schizophrenia patients recalled fewer memories of autobiographical incidents dating only to recent life, compared with healthy controls.
Schizophrenia patients showed impaired AM after controlling for verbal memory and verbal fluency impairment only in regard with personal episodic memories from recent life. Current findings raise the important issue of cognitive remediation therapy in schizophrenia.
自传体记忆（AM）涉及对个人生活中的事件和事实的回忆。本研究的目的是调查精神分裂症患者的自传体记忆，特别是在控制言语记忆和言语流畅性缺陷后患者回忆自传体记忆的能力。
参与者包括40名精神分裂症患者（23名男性）和40名健康对照者（23名男性），在年龄、性别、教育水平和病前智力功能方面进行匹配。评估参与者的言语记忆（列表学习和故事回忆）和言语流畅性。通过自传体记忆问卷对自传体记忆进行评估，该问卷由个人语义记忆量表和自传体事件量表组成。此外，还检查了个人事件的特异性。
与健康对照者相比，精神分裂症患者在言语记忆、言语流畅性以及语义和情景自传体记忆方面均表现出缺陷。在追溯到三个不同生活时期（童年、成年早期和近期生活）的事件和事实的情景和语义记忆中均显示出缺陷。关于回忆事件的特异性，患者报告的具体自传体事件比对照者少。在控制了患者言语记忆和言语流畅性损害导致的自传体记忆缺陷后，发现与健康对照者相比，精神分裂症患者仅对近期生活的自传体事件回忆较少。
仅在控制言语记忆和言语流畅性损害后，精神分裂症患者仅在近期生活的个人情景记忆方面表现出自传体记忆受损。目前的研究结果提出了精神分裂症认知康复治疗的重要问题。
