a State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , PR China.
Drug Deliv. 2017 Dec;24(sup1):45-55. doi: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1391889.
To develop novel therapies for clinical treatments, it increasingly depends on sophisticated delivery systems that facilitate the drugs entry into targeting cells. Profound understanding of cellular uptake routes for transporting carriers promotes the optimization of performance in drug delivery systems. Although endocytic pathway is the most important part of cellular uptake routes for many delivery systems, it suffers the trouble of enzymatic degradation of transporting carriers trapped in endosomes/lysosomes. Therefore, it is desirable to develop alternative transporting methods for delivery systems via non-endocytic pathways to achieve more effective intracellular delivery. In this review, we summarize the literature exploring transporting carriers that mediate intracellular delivery via non-endocytic pathways to present the current research status in this field. Cell-penetrating peptides, pH (low) insertion peptides, and nanoparticles are categorized to exhibit their ability to directly transport various cargos into cytoplasm via non-endocytic uptake in different cell lines. It is hoped that this review can spur the interesting on development of drug delivery systems via non-endocytic uptake pathway.
为了开发用于临床治疗的新型疗法，越来越依赖于能够促进药物进入靶向细胞的复杂输送系统。深入了解细胞摄取途径，有助于优化药物输送系统的性能。虽然对于许多输送系统来说，内吞途径是细胞摄取途径中最重要的部分，但它会受到内体/溶酶体中运输载体被酶降解的困扰。因此，理想的情况是开发通过非内吞途径的替代输送方法，以实现更有效的细胞内输送。在这篇综述中，我们总结了探索通过非内吞途径介导细胞内输送的输送载体的文献，以展示该领域的当前研究现状。细胞穿透肽、pH（低）插入肽和纳米颗粒被分类，以展示它们通过不同细胞系中的非内吞摄取，将各种 cargo 直接运输到细胞质中的能力。希望这篇综述能激发人们对通过非内吞摄取途径开发药物输送系统的兴趣。
