Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection, 1-7-5 Sinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Chiba 277-8563, Japan.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, 5 Senjyu-Asahimachi, Adachi-ku, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Mar 15;618:1685-1691. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.030. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
In this study, we conducted seven-day diurnal breathing loss (DBL) tests on gasoline vehicles. We propose a model based on the theory of thermodynamics that can represent the experimental results of the current and previous studies. The experiments were performed using 14 physical parameters to determine the dependence of total emissions on temperature, fuel tank fill, and fuel vapor pressure. In most cases, total emissions after an apparent breakthrough were proportional to the difference between minimum and maximum environmental temperatures during the day, fuel tank empty space, and fuel vapor pressure. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured using a Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer and Flame Ionization Detector (GC-MS/FID) to determine the Ozone Formation Potential (OFP) of after-breakthrough gas emitted to the atmosphere. Using the experimental results, we constructed a thermodynamic model for estimating the amount of evaporative emissions after a fully saturated canister breakthrough occurred, and a comparison between the thermodynamic model and previous models was made. Finally, the total annual evaporative emissions and OFP in Japan were determined and compared by each model.
本研究对汽油车进行了为期七天的日间呼吸损耗（DBL）测试。我们提出了一个基于热力学理论的模型，可以代表当前和以往研究的实验结果。实验使用了 14 个物理参数来确定总排放量对温度、油箱填充和燃料蒸气压力的依赖关系。在大多数情况下，明显突破后的总排放量与白天环境温度的最小和最大值之间的差异、油箱空空间和燃料蒸气压力成正比。使用气相色谱质谱联用仪和火焰离子化检测器（GC-MS/FID）测量挥发性有机化合物（VOCs），以确定排放到大气中的突破后气体的臭氧形成潜力（OFP）。利用实验结果，我们构建了一个用于估算完全饱和罐突破后蒸发排放物量的热力学模型，并对热力学模型和以往模型进行了比较。最后，通过每个模型确定并比较了日本的总年度蒸发排放物和 OFP。
