Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Mannheim , Germany.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2018 Feb 1;314(2):C152-C165. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00137.2017. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
The choroid plexus (CP) is responsible for the production of a large amount of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). As a highly vascularized structure, the CP also presents a significant frontier between the blood and the central nervous system (CNS). To seal this border, the epithelium of the CP forms the blood-CSF barrier, one of the most important barriers separating the CNS from the blood. During the course of infectious disease, cells of the CP can experience interactions with intruding pathogens, especially when the CP is used as gateway for entry into the CNS. In return, the CP answers to these encounters with diverse measures. Here, we will review the distinct responses of the CP during infection of the CNS, which include engaging of signal transduction pathways, the regulation of gene expression in the host cells, inflammatory cell response, alterations of the barrier, and, under certain circumstances, cell death. Many of these actions may contribute to stage an immunological response against the pathogen and subsequently help in the clearance of the infection.
脉络丛（CP）负责产生大量脑脊液（CSF）。作为一个高度血管化的结构，CP 也是血液和中枢神经系统（CNS）之间的一个重要边界。为了封闭这个边界，CP 的上皮形成了血脑屏障，这是将 CNS 与血液分隔开的最重要的屏障之一。在传染病的过程中，CP 的细胞可能会与入侵的病原体相互作用，尤其是当 CP 被用作进入 CNS 的门户时。作为回应，CP 会通过多种措施来应对这些情况。在这里，我们将回顾 CP 在中枢神经系统感染过程中的不同反应，包括信号转导途径的激活、宿主细胞基因表达的调控、炎症细胞反应、屏障的改变，以及在某些情况下，细胞死亡。这些反应中的许多反应可能有助于对病原体产生免疫反应，并有助于清除感染。
