Taylor Matthew K, Sullivan Debra K, Swerdlow Russell H, Vidoni Eric D, Morris Jill K, Mahnken Jonathan D, Burns Jeffrey M
Departments of Dietetics and Nutrition and.
University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Fairway, KS.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Dec;106(6):1463-1470. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.117.162263. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
Little is known about the relation between dietary intake and cerebral amyloid accumulation in aging. We assessed the association of dietary glycemic measures with cerebral amyloid burden and cognitive performance in cognitively normal older adults. We performed cross-sectional analyses relating dietary glycemic measures [adherence to a high-glycemic-load diet (HGLDiet) pattern, intakes of sugar and carbohydrates, and glycemic load] with cerebral amyloid burden (measured by florbetapir F-18 positron emission tomography) and cognitive performance in 128 cognitively normal older adults who provided eligibility screening data for the University of Kansas's Alzheimer's Prevention through Exercise (APEX) Study. The study began in November 2013 and is currently ongoing. Amyloid was elevated in 26% ( = 33) of participants. HGLDiet pattern adherence ( = 0.01), sugar intake ( = 0.03), and carbohydrate intake ( = 0.05) were significantly higher in participants with elevated amyloid burden. The HGLDiet pattern was positively associated with amyloid burden both globally and in all regions of interest independently of age, sex, and education (all ≤ 0.001). Individual dietary glycemic measures (sugar intake, carbohydrate intake, and glycemic load) were also positively associated with global amyloid load and nearly all regions of interest independently of age, sex, and educational level ( ≤ 0.05). Cognitive performance was associated only with daily sugar intake, with higher sugar consumption associated with poorer global cognitive performance (global composite measure and Mini-Mental State Examination) and performance on subtests of Digit Symbol, Trail Making Test B, and Block Design, controlling for age, sex, and education. A high-glycemic diet was associated with greater cerebral amyloid burden, which suggests diet as a potential modifiable behavior for cerebral amyloid accumulation and subsequent Alzheimer disease risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02000583.
关于衰老过程中饮食摄入与脑淀粉样蛋白积累之间的关系，人们知之甚少。我们评估了饮食血糖指标与认知功能正常的老年人脑淀粉样蛋白负担及认知表现之间的关联。我们对128名认知功能正常的老年人进行了横断面分析，这些老年人为堪萨斯大学通过运动预防阿尔茨海默病（APEX）研究提供了资格筛查数据，分析饮食血糖指标[对高糖负荷饮食（HGLDiet）模式的依从性、糖和碳水化合物的摄入量以及血糖负荷]与脑淀粉样蛋白负担（通过氟代贝他吡F - 18正电子发射断层扫描测量）及认知表现之间的关系。该研究于2013年11月开始，目前仍在进行中。26%（n = 33）的参与者脑淀粉样蛋白水平升高。淀粉样蛋白负担升高的参与者中，HGLDiet模式依从性（P = 0.01）、糖摄入量（P = 0.03）和碳水化合物摄入量（P = 0.05）显著更高。HGLDiet模式与淀粉样蛋白负担在总体上以及所有感兴趣区域均呈正相关，独立于年龄、性别和教育程度（所有P≤0.001）。个体饮食血糖指标（糖摄入量、碳水化合物摄入量和血糖负荷）与总体淀粉样蛋白负荷以及几乎所有感兴趣区域也呈正相关，独立于年龄、性别和教育水平（P≤0.05）。认知表现仅与每日糖摄入量相关，糖消耗量越高，总体认知表现（总体综合指标和简易精神状态检查）以及数字符号、连线测验B和积木设计子测验的表现越差，同时控制了年龄、性别和教育程度。高糖饮食与更大的脑淀粉样蛋白负担相关，这表明饮食可能是脑淀粉样蛋白积累及后续患阿尔茨海默病风险的一种潜在可改变行为。该试验在clinicaltrials.gov上注册为NCT02000583。
