Halabchi Farzin, Abolhasani Maryam, Mirshahi Maryam, Alizadeh Zahra
Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Open Access J Sports Med. 2017 Oct 9;8:189-203. doi: 10.2147/OAJSM.S127359. eCollection 2017.
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a very common problem in athletes who participate in jumping, cutting and pivoting sports. Several risk factors may play a part in the pathogenesis of PFP. Overuse, trauma and intrinsic risk factors are particularly important among athletes. Physical examination has a key role in PFP diagnosis. Furthermore, common risk factors should be investigated, such as hip muscle dysfunction, poor core muscle endurance, muscular tightness, excessive foot pronation and patellar malalignment. Imaging is seldom needed in special cases. Many possible interventions are recommended for PFP management. Due to the multifactorial nature of PFP, the clinical approach should be individualized, and the contribution of different factors should be considered and managed accordingly. In most cases, activity modification and rehabilitation should be tried before any surgical interventions.
髌股疼痛（PFP）在参与跳跃、急停和旋转运动的运动员中是一个非常常见的问题。几个风险因素可能在PFP的发病机制中起作用。在运动员中，过度使用、创伤和内在风险因素尤为重要。体格检查在PFP诊断中起关键作用。此外，应调查常见的风险因素，如髋部肌肉功能障碍、核心肌肉耐力差、肌肉紧张、足过度内旋和髌骨排列不齐。特殊情况下很少需要影像学检查。对于PFP的管理，推荐了许多可能的干预措施。由于PFP的多因素性质，临床方法应个体化，并应相应地考虑和管理不同因素的作用。在大多数情况下，在进行任何手术干预之前，应尝试调整活动和进行康复治疗。
