Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center and Human Performance Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2012 Feb;40(1):13-9. doi: 10.3810/psm.2012.02.1947.
To determine the relationship between relative body composition and body mass to height, anterior knee pain, or patellofemoral pain (PFP) in adolescent female athletes.
Patellofemoral pain is common in female athletes and has an undefined etiology. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there was an association among higher body mass index (BMI), BMI z-scores, and relative body fat percentage in the development of PFP in an adolescent female athlete population. We hypothesized that female athletes who developed PFP over the course of a competitive basketball season had higher relative body mass or body fat percentage compared with those who did not develop PFP.
Fifteen middle school basketball teams that consisted of 248 basketball players (mean age, 12.76 ± 1.13 years; height, 158.43 ± 7.78 cm; body mass, 52.35 ± 12.31 kg; BMI, 20.73 ± 3.88 kg/m(2)) agreed to participate in this study over the course of 2 basketball seasons, resulting in 262 athlete-seasons. Testing included the completion of the Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) form, standardized history, physician-administered physical examination, maturational estimates, and anthropometrics.
Of the 262 athlete-seasons monitored, 39 athletes developed PFP over the course of the study. The incidence rate of new PFP was 1.57 per 1000 athlete-exposures. The cumulative incidence of PFP was 14.9%. There was no difference in BMI between those who developed PFP (mean body mass, 20.2 kg/m(2); 95% CI,18.9-21.4) and those who did not develop PFP (mean body mass, 20.8 kg/m(2); 95% CI, 20.3-21.3;P > 0.05). Body mass index z-scores were not different between those who developed PFP (mean, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.7-0.6) and those who did not develop PFP (mean, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.3-0.6;P > 0.05). A similar trend was noted in relative body fat percentage, with mean scores of similar ranges in those who developed PFP (mean body fat percentage, 22.2%; 95% CI, 19.4-24.9) to the referent group who did not (mean body fat percentage, 22.9%; 95% CI, 21.8-24.1;P > 0.05).
Our results do not indicate a relationship between relative body composition or relative body mass to height to the propensity to develop PFP in middle school-aged female basketball players. Although previous data indicate a relationship between higher relative body mass and overall knee injury, these data did not support this association with PFP specifically. These data suggest the underlying etiology of PFP may be neuromuscular in nature. Further research is needed to understand the predictors, etiology, and ultimate prevention of this condition.
确定相对身体成分与身高、膝关节前侧疼痛或髌股疼痛（PFP）在青春期女性运动员中的关系。
髌股疼痛在女性运动员中很常见，其病因尚不清楚。本研究的目的是研究在青春期女性运动员人群中，较高的体重指数（BMI）、BMI z 分数和相对体脂肪百分比是否与 PFP 的发生有关。我们假设在一个竞争激烈的篮球赛季中出现 PFP 的女性运动员与未出现 PFP 的运动员相比，其相对体重或体脂肪百分比更高。
15 个中学篮球队（由 248 名篮球运动员组成，平均年龄 12.76 ± 1.13 岁；身高 158.43 ± 7.78cm；体重 52.35 ± 12.31kg；BMI 20.73 ± 3.88kg/m²）同意参加这两个篮球赛季的研究，共有 262 名运动员参与。测试包括完成前膝关节疼痛量表（AKPS）、国际膝关节文献委员会（IKDC）表格、标准化病史、医生进行的体格检查、成熟度估计和人体测量学。
在监测的 262 个运动员赛季中，39 名运动员出现了 PFP。新 PFP 的发病率为每 1000 名运动员暴露 1.57 例。PFP 的累积发病率为 14.9%。出现 PFP 的运动员与未出现 PFP 的运动员的 BMI 无差异（平均体重，20.2kg/m²；95%CI，18.9-21.4）（平均体重，20.8kg/m²；95%CI，20.3-21.3；P>0.05）。出现 PFP 的运动员的 BMI z 分数与未出现 PFP 的运动员的 BMI z 分数也没有差异（平均值，0.3；95%CI，0.7-0.6）（平均值，0.4；95%CI，0.3-0.6；P>0.05）。在相对体脂肪百分比方面也存在类似的趋势，出现 PFP 的运动员的平均得分与参考组相似（平均体脂肪百分比，22.2%；95%CI，19.4-24.9）（平均体脂肪百分比，22.9%；95%CI，21.8-24.1；P>0.05）。
我们的结果表明，相对身体成分或相对体重与身高与中学年龄段女性篮球运动员发生 PFP 的倾向之间没有关系。尽管先前的数据表明较高的相对体重与整体膝关节损伤有关，但这些数据并未支持与 PFP 有特定的关联。这些数据表明 PFP 的潜在病因可能是神经肌肉性质。需要进一步的研究来了解这种情况的预测因素、病因和最终预防。
