Beresford T P, Blow F C, Brower K J, Singer K
University of Michigan Alcohol Research Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0704.
Prev Med. 1988 Sep;17(5):653-63. doi: 10.1016/0091-7435(88)90058-8.
Alcoholism is one of the largest public health problems of the nation and is a significant cofactor in such ubiquitous diseases as hypertension, developmental abnormalities, heart failure, liver failure, and many other conditions. The cost to the nation's health is immense. One strategy for reducing morbidity and cost has been to establish methods for screening in order to increase recognition rates leading to increased rates of therapeutic intervention. In this article, the rationale for two methods of alcohol screening, brief interviews and biological markers of excessive drinking, the relevant statistical issues bearing on this problem, and the current research on screening exams are reviewed and summarized. Finally, some of the newer approaches toward alcoholism screening as well as the consequences to the medical care system should alcohol screening eventuate on a large scale are briefly described.
酗酒是该国最大的公共卫生问题之一，并且是诸如高血压、发育异常、心力衰竭、肝功能衰竭以及许多其他病症等常见疾病的重要辅助因素。对国家健康造成的代价是巨大的。降低发病率和成本的一种策略是建立筛查方法，以提高识别率，从而提高治疗干预率。在本文中，对两种酒精筛查方法（简短访谈和过度饮酒的生物标志物）的基本原理、与此问题相关的统计问题以及当前关于筛查测试的研究进行了综述和总结。最后，简要描述了一些酗酒筛查的新方法以及如果大规模开展酒精筛查对医疗系统的影响。
