Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico.
Department of Psychology, Pacific University.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2017 Dec;31(8):888-896. doi: 10.1037/adb0000319. Epub 2017 Oct 26.
Over the past 35 years, mindfulness meditation practices have increasingly been integrated into Western medical settings. Research into the benefits of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) continues to expand, such that there are currently more than a dozen different protocolled MBIs for patients suffering from a variety of physical and psychological disorders. In the last decade, a number of MBIs specifically designed to treat addictive behaviors have been developed and tested. This review first provides a brief overview of the current state of the science with respect to the efficacy of MBIs for addictive behaviors, and some of the proposed mechanisms underlying the efficacy of MBIs. Second, the review highlights unresolved implementation issues and provides suggestions for how future research can address the implementation challenges to advance the delivery of MBIs. Specifically, this review focuses on the lack of clear empirical guidelines in the following areas: (a) effective training for MBI treatment providers; (b) adaptations of the traditional 2-hr closed-cohort group format; (c) delivery of MBIs in 1-on-1 treatment contexts; (d) delivery of MBIs at different points in the change process; (e) delivery of MBIs via technology-based platforms; and (f) facilitation of precision medicine in the delivery of MBIs. Specific research directions are suggested with an eye toward a meaningful increase in access to MBIs for front-line clinicians and clients. (PsycINFO Database Record
在过去的 35 年中，正念冥想练习越来越多地融入了西方医疗环境。基于正念的干预措施（MBIs）的研究继续扩大，目前有十几种针对各种身体和心理障碍患者的既定 MBIs。在过去的十年中，已经开发并测试了许多专门用于治疗成瘾行为的 MBIs。这篇综述首先简要概述了目前关于 MBIs 对成瘾行为的疗效的科学现状，以及 MBIs 疗效的一些拟议机制。其次，该综述强调了未解决的实施问题，并就如何开展未来的研究以解决实施挑战，从而推进 MBIs 的应用提出了建议。具体而言，本综述重点关注以下领域缺乏明确的经验性指导方针：（a）MBI 治疗提供者的有效培训；（b）传统 2 小时封闭式小组模式的调整；（c）一对一治疗环境中 MBIs 的提供；（d）在变化过程的不同点提供 MBIs；（e）通过基于技术的平台提供 MBIs；以及（f）促进 MBIs 提供的精准医学。提出了具体的研究方向，以期为一线临床医生和客户提供更多获得 MBIs 的机会。
