Sanders L D, Yeomans W A, Rees J, Rosen M, Robinson J O
Department of Anaesthetics, University of Wales, College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1988 Nov;5(6):377-83.
Benzodiazepines are used as hypnotics to reduce anxiety and give a good night's sleep on the night prior to surgery. In a double-blind procedure, patients were given either lorazepam (2 mg or 4 mg), lormetazepam (1 mg or 2 mg), nitrazepam 10 mg or placebo. Measures were taken of sleep, anxiety, memory and after-effects. There was no evidence that the drugs reduced anxiety, nor evidence of amnesia. Quality and length of sleep was shown to be better for nitrazepam (P less than 0.05), lorazepam 2 mg (P less than 0.05) and lorazepam 4 mg (P less than 0.01), compared with placebo. However, significantly higher ratings of clumsiness and confusion as after-effects were found with nitrazepam (P less than 0.05), and clumsiness (P less than 0.005), slurred speech and blurred vision (P less than 0.01), sleepiness, nausea, weakness and confusion (P less than 0.05) with lorazepam 4 mg. It was concluded that lorazepam 2 mg produced the greatest net benefit.
苯二氮䓬类药物被用作催眠药，以减轻焦虑并在手术前一晚提供良好的睡眠。在一项双盲程序中，患者分别服用劳拉西泮（2毫克或4毫克）、氯美扎酮（1毫克或2毫克）、硝西泮10毫克或安慰剂。对睡眠、焦虑、记忆和后遗症进行了测量。没有证据表明这些药物能减轻焦虑，也没有失忆的证据。与安慰剂相比，硝西泮（P<0.05）、2毫克劳拉西泮（P<0.05）和4毫克劳拉西泮（P<0.01）的睡眠质量和睡眠时间显示更好。然而，硝西泮的后遗症中笨拙和困惑评分显著更高（P<0.05），4毫克劳拉西泮的笨拙（P<0.005）、言语含糊和视力模糊（P<0.01）、嗜睡、恶心、虚弱和困惑（P<0.05）评分更高。得出的结论是，2毫克劳拉西泮产生的净效益最大。
