Gąsiorowski Jakub, Rudowicz Elżbieta
Medical Education Unit, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Medical History and Ethics (retired), Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Value Health Reg Issues. 2017 Sep;13:39-43. doi: 10.1016/j.vhri.2017.07.003. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
To measure expected and received functional social support (FSS) from doctors, nurses, and family members in the population of patients with primary arterial hypertension and to explore the gap between the expected and received support.
This cross-sectional study involved 232 adults in a primary arterial hypertension group and 115 healthy individuals in a control group. The sample was drawn from six family doctor surgeries in Szczecin, Poland. Three categories of expected and received FSS were examined, that is, emotional, informational, and instrumental, using the self-administered questionnaire. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the means of received and expected support from different sources. Indexes of adequacy of FSS were established.
A deep deficit of emotional support and a smaller deficit of informational and instrumental support from family members were observed in both groups. Hypertensive patients reported receiving a higher level of emotional and informational support than expected from doctors. Instrumental support from doctors and all three types of support from nurses met hypertensive patients' expectations. Healthy controls reported a distinct deficit in all kinds of support from doctors and nurses. Their expectations of informational and instrumental support from health professionals, and from family, were higher than those of the hypertensive patients.
The study hypothesis predicting that Polish patients will perceive FSS received from family members as adequate and observe deficiencies in support from doctors and nurses was not confirmed. The low level of perceived emotional support from family requires attention from health educators to alleviate this deficiency.
测量原发性高血压患者群体中期望从医生、护士和家庭成员那里获得的功能性社会支持（FSS）以及实际获得的支持，并探究期望与实际获得支持之间的差距。
这项横断面研究纳入了232名原发性高血压组的成年人和115名健康个体作为对照组。样本来自波兰什切青的六个家庭医生诊所。使用自填式问卷对期望和实际获得的三类FSS进行了调查，即情感支持、信息支持和工具性支持。采用曼-惠特尼U检验比较不同来源的实际获得支持与期望支持的均值。建立了FSS充足性指标。
两组均观察到来自家庭成员的情感支持严重不足，信息支持和工具性支持的不足程度较小。高血压患者报告从医生那里获得的情感支持和信息支持水平高于预期。医生提供的工具性支持以及护士提供的所有三种支持均符合高血压患者的期望。健康对照组报告从医生和护士那里获得的各类支持明显不足。他们对健康专业人员和家人提供的信息支持与工具性支持的期望高于高血压患者。
研究假设预测波兰患者会认为从家庭成员那里获得的FSS是充足的，并观察到医生和护士提供的支持存在不足，但未得到证实。来自家人的情感支持水平较低，这需要健康教育工作者予以关注以缓解这一不足。
