Department of Infection and Immunity, Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Department of Infection and Immunity, Immune Systems Biology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Cancer Lett. 2018 Jan 1;412:216-223. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.10.014. Epub 2017 Oct 24.
T cells represent the major contributors to antitumor-specific immunity among the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. However, tumors acquire ways to evade immunosurveillance and anti-tumor responses are too weak to eradicate the disease. T cells are often functionally impaired as a result of interaction with, or signals from, transformed cells and the tumor microenvironment, including stromal cells. Among these, nutrients use and consumption is critically important for the control of differentiation and effector mechanisms of T cells. Moreover, Treg cells-skewing conditions often coexist within the cancer milieu, which sustains the notion of immune privileged tumors. Additionally, cancer cells contend with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes for nutrients and can outcompete the immune response. PD1- and CTLA-based immunotherapies partially remodel cell metabolism leading the way to clinical approaches of metabolic reprogramming for therapeutic purposes. Here we shortly discuss T cell fates during anti-tumor immune responses and how signals within tumor microenvironment influence T cell metabolism, altering functions and longevity of the cell.
T 细胞是肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞中抗肿瘤特异性免疫的主要贡献者。然而，肿瘤会采取各种方法来逃避免疫监视，而抗肿瘤反应太弱，无法消灭疾病。由于与转化细胞和肿瘤微环境（包括基质细胞）的相互作用或信号转导，T 细胞的功能常常受损。在这些因素中，营养物质的利用和消耗对于 T 细胞的分化和效应机制的控制至关重要。此外，在癌症环境中经常存在调节性 T 细胞（Treg）的倾斜条件，这维持了免疫特权肿瘤的概念。此外，癌细胞与肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞争夺营养物质，并能抑制免疫反应。PD1 和 CTLA 为基础的免疫疗法部分重塑了细胞代谢，为治疗目的的代谢重编程的临床方法开辟了道路。在这里，我们简要讨论了抗肿瘤免疫反应过程中 T 细胞的命运，以及肿瘤微环境中的信号如何影响 T 细胞代谢，改变细胞的功能和寿命。
