Bingula Rea, Filaire Marc, Radosevic-Robin Nina, Bey Mathieu, Berthon Jean-Yves, Bernalier-Donadille Annick, Vasson Marie-Paule, Filaire Edith
University of Clermont-Auvergne, UMR 1019 INRA-UCA, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), ECREIN Team, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Jean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Thoracic Surgery Unit, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
J Oncol. 2017;2017:5035371. doi: 10.1155/2017/5035371. Epub 2017 Sep 17.
The microbiota includes different microorganisms consisting of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa distributed over many human body surfaces including the skin, vagina, gut, and airways, with the highest density found in the intestine. The gut microbiota strongly influences our metabolic, endocrine, and immune systems, as well as both the peripheral and central nervous systems. Recently, a dialogue between the gut and lung microbiota has been discovered, suggesting that changes in one compartment could impact the other compartment, whether in relation to microbial composition or function. Further, this bidirectional axis is evidenced in an, either beneficial or malignant, altered immune response in one compartment following changes in the other compartment. Stimulation of the immune system arises from the microbial cells themselves, but also from their metabolites. It can be either direct or mediated by stimulated immune cells in one site impacting the other site. Additionally, this interaction may lead to immunological boost, assisting the innate immune system in its antitumour response. Thus, this review offers an insight into the composition of these sites, the gut and the lung, their role in shaping the immune system, and, finally, their role in the response to lung cancer.
微生物群包括由细菌、真菌、病毒和原生动物组成的不同微生物，它们分布在包括皮肤、阴道、肠道和气道在内的许多人体表面，其中肠道中的密度最高。肠道微生物群强烈影响我们的代谢、内分泌和免疫系统，以及外周和中枢神经系统。最近，人们发现了肠道微生物群与肺部微生物群之间的对话，这表明一个部位的变化可能会影响另一个部位，无论是在微生物组成还是功能方面。此外，这种双向轴在一个部位发生变化后另一个部位出现的有益或恶性免疫反应改变中得到了证明。免疫系统的刺激既来自微生物细胞本身，也来自它们的代谢产物。它可以是直接的，也可以由一个部位的免疫细胞刺激介导，从而影响另一个部位。此外，这种相互作用可能会增强免疫，协助先天免疫系统的抗肿瘤反应。因此，本综述深入探讨了肠道和肺部这些部位的组成、它们在塑造免疫系统中的作用，以及它们在肺癌反应中的作用。
