Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
Nutrients. 2017 Oct 27;9(11):1176. doi: 10.3390/nu9111176.
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that controls a wide spectrum of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism. mTOR forms two distinct multiprotein complexes known as mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2), which are characterized by the presence of raptor and rictor, respectively. mTOR controls insulin signaling by regulating several downstream components such as growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 (Grb10), insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1), F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 8 (Fbw8), and insulin like growth factor 1 receptor/insulin receptor (IGF-IR/IR). In addition, mTORC1 and mTORC2 regulate each other through a feedback loop to control cell growth. This review outlines the current understanding of mTOR regulation in insulin signaling in the context of whole body metabolism.
哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶，可调控广泛的细胞过程，包括细胞生长、分化和代谢。mTOR 形成两个不同的多蛋白复合物，分别称为 mTOR 复合物 1（mTORC1）和 mTOR 复合物 2（mTORC2），它们的特征是分别存在 rapTOR 和 rictor。mTOR 通过调节几种下游成分（如生长因子受体结合蛋白 10（Grb10）、胰岛素受体底物（IRS-1）、F-box/WD 重复蛋白 8（Fbw8）和胰岛素样生长因子 1 受体/胰岛素受体（IGF-IR/IR））来控制胰岛素信号。此外，mTORC1 和 mTORC2 通过反馈环相互调节以控制细胞生长。本综述概述了目前对全身代谢背景下胰岛素信号中 mTOR 调节的理解。
Zotero 插件
