少突胶质细胞及其前体细胞的多样性。

Diversity of oligodendrocytes and their progenitors.

机构信息

Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany.

Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, 80805 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Neuroscience, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.

出版信息

Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 Dec;47:73-79. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.09.015. Epub 2017 Oct 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2017.09.015

PMID:29078110

Abstract

The established function of oligodendrocytes and their progenitors is to drive the cellular events of myelination, a highly diversified process necessary to match the needs of various neuronal subtypes and networks. The morphological and molecular heterogeneity of oligodendrocytes and their progenitors point to functions beyond establishing saltatory nerve conduction. Here, we review the diversity in the oligodendroglial lineage as well as the classical and new functions identified for oligodendrocytes and their progenitors. Because oligodendroglia remain highly responsive to environmental changes, they likely contribute to various neurological and psychiatric diseases.

摘要

少突胶质细胞及其前体细胞的既定功能是驱动髓鞘形成的细胞事件，髓鞘形成是一种高度多样化的过程，对于满足各种神经元亚型和网络的需求至关重要。少突胶质细胞及其前体细胞的形态和分子异质性表明，它们的功能不仅仅是建立跳跃式神经传导。在这里，我们回顾了少突胶质细胞谱系的多样性，以及为少突胶质细胞及其前体细胞确定的经典和新功能。由于少突胶质细胞仍然对环境变化高度敏感，它们可能有助于各种神经和精神疾病。