Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2017 Dec;44(4):601-614. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2017.08.005.
Elective induction of labor (ie, without a maternal or fetal indication) is common in the United States. When using the correct comparison group (elective induction vs expectant management) induction is not associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery. Moreover, elective induction after 39 weeks seems to have maternal benefits (eg, lower infection rates) as well as a reduction in neonatal morbidity and the potential for a decrease in term stillbirth. However, these risks, especially stillbirth, are low in a healthy cohort and there are potential negative impacts on maternal satisfaction, breastfeeding, and cost/resource use that must be considered.
选择性引产（即在没有母体或胎儿指征的情况下引产）在美国很常见。当使用正确的对照组（选择性引产与期待管理）时，引产与剖宫产风险增加无关。此外，39 周后选择性引产似乎对产妇有益（例如，降低感染率），同时降低新生儿发病率，并有可能降低足月死产率。然而，在健康队列中，这些风险，尤其是死产，风险较低，并且必须考虑对产妇满意度、母乳喂养和成本/资源利用产生潜在的负面影响。
