de Muinck Keizer-Schrama S M
Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University, The Netherlands.
Horm Res. 1988;30(4-5):178-86. doi: 10.1159/000181057.
Hormonal treatment of cryptorchidism with a gonadotropic substance from pregnancy urine or with an anterior-pituitary-like substance dates from the early 1930s. Success rates varied from 25 to 100%. Subsequently, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administered intramuscularly came into use. The success rates of several large studies have varied from 25 to 55%. Widely divergent results have, likewise, been reported following the intranasal administration of luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), the efficacy of which has been investigated in many studies, including placebo-controlled trials. Combined LHRH and hCG treatment schedules have been recently assessed, with equally divergent success rates. The most important factor influencing the rate of success is the testicular position before treatment: the lower the position of the testis before treatment the better the result. The experience with LHRH nasal spray treatment for cryptorchidism in 252 prepubertal boys is presented in this study, including several years follow-up, and the results compared with data reported in the literature.
20世纪30年代初开始使用来自妊娠尿液的促性腺物质或类似垂体前叶的物质对隐睾症进行激素治疗。成功率在25%至100%之间。随后，开始使用肌肉注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）。几项大型研究的成功率在25%至55%之间。同样，在许多研究（包括安慰剂对照试验）中对促黄体激素释放激素（LHRH）鼻内给药后的效果进行了研究，结果差异很大。最近对LHRH和hCG联合治疗方案进行了评估，成功率同样差异很大。影响成功率的最重要因素是治疗前睾丸的位置：治疗前睾丸位置越低，效果越好。本研究介绍了对252名青春期前男孩使用LHRH鼻喷雾剂治疗隐睾症的经验，包括数年的随访，并将结果与文献报道的数据进行了比较。
