Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
Trends Microbiol. 2018 Jun;26(6):525-537. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.09.010. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
Disruption of host membranes by nonenveloped viruses, which allows the nucleocapsid or genome to enter the cytosol, is a mechanistically diverse process. Although the membrane-penetrating agents are usually small, hydrophobic or amphipathic peptides deployed from the capsid interior during entry, their manner of membrane interaction varies substantially. In this review, we discuss recent data about the molecular pathways for externalization of viral peptides amidst conformational alterations in the capsid, as well as mechanisms of membrane penetration, which is influenced by structural features of the peptides themselves as well as physicochemical properties of membranes, and other host factors. The membrane-penetrating components of nonenveloped viruses constitute an interesting class of cell-penetrating peptides, and may have potential therapeutic value for gene transfer.
无包膜病毒通过破坏宿主膜，使核衣壳或基因组进入细胞质，这是一个机制多样化的过程。虽然膜穿透剂通常是小分子、疏水性或两亲性肽，在进入时从衣壳内部展开，但它们与膜的相互作用方式有很大的不同。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最近关于衣壳构象改变时病毒肽体外释放的分子途径，以及膜穿透机制的相关数据，这些机制受到肽本身的结构特征以及膜的物理化学性质和其他宿主因素的影响。无包膜病毒的膜穿透成分构成了一类有趣的细胞穿透肽，可能具有基因转移的潜在治疗价值。
