Li H H, Yu W L, Huang S W, Qin H J, Lu Q D
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Nanning 530021, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Aug 20;35(8):566-570. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.08.002.
To investigate the reproductive health status of female workers in a railway system and possible influencing factors. From January to June, 2016, a crosssectional epidemiological investigation was performed to collect 2 165 female workers aged 1755 years. A women's health questionnaire was used to collect the data on their occupation and health, and their reproductive health status was analyzed. The female workers exposed to occupational hazards had significantly higher incidence rates of gynecological diseases, abnormal menstruation, and infertility than those not exposed to such hazards (χ(2)=32.29, 12.42, and 4.23, respectively, all <0.05) . There were significant differences in the incidence rates of gynecological diseases, abnormal menstruation, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and pregnancy complications between the female workers with different working forms and states (χ(2)=17.19, 23.03, 200.65, and 21.28, respectively, all <0.05) . There were significant differences in the incidence rates of gynecological diseases, abnormal menstruation, and pregnancy complications between the female workers with different behavioral habits (χ(2)=15.65, 36.23, and 25.35, respectively, all <0.05) . The logistic regression analysis showed that exposure to occupational hazards, married state, mediumgrade professional title or above, work in shifts, sitting for a long time, standing for a long time, and video operation were risk factors for gynecological diseases, and the prevalence rate of gynecological diseases increased with age. Exposure to occupational hazards, night shifts, staying up late, and sitting for a long time were risk factors for abnormal menstruation. Exposure to occupational hazards was a risk factor for infertility. Mediumgrade professional title or above was a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Married state, mediumgrade professional title or above, standing for a long time, and high mobility in job form and state were risk factors for pregnancy complications. Exposure to occupational hazards, job form and state, and unhealthy behavioral habits may affect reproductive health status in female workers in the railway system.
调查铁路系统女职工的生殖健康状况及可能的影响因素。2016年1月至6月，开展了一项横断面流行病学调查，收集了2165名年龄在17至55岁的女职工的数据。使用妇女健康问卷收集她们的职业和健康数据，并分析她们的生殖健康状况。接触职业危害因素的女职工患妇科疾病、月经异常和不孕症的发病率显著高于未接触此类危害因素的女职工（χ²分别为32.29、12.42和4.23，均<0.05）。不同工作形式和状态的女职工在妇科疾病、月经异常、不良妊娠结局和妊娠并发症的发病率上存在显著差异（χ²分别为17.19、23.03、200.65和21.28，均<0.05）。不同行为习惯的女职工在妇科疾病、月经异常和妊娠并发症的发病率上存在显著差异（χ²分别为15.65、36.23和25.35，均<0.05）。逻辑回归分析显示，接触职业危害因素、已婚状态、中级及以上职称、轮班工作、长时间坐着、长时间站立和视频操作是妇科疾病的危险因素，且妇科疾病患病率随年龄增长而升高。接触职业危害因素、夜班、熬夜和长时间坐着是月经异常的危险因素。接触职业危害因素是不孕症的危险因素。中级及以上职称是不良妊娠结局的危险因素。已婚状态、中级及以上职称、长时间站立以及工作形式和状态的高流动性是妊娠并发症的危险因素。接触职业危害因素、工作形式和状态以及不健康的行为习惯可能会影响铁路系统女职工的生殖健康状况。
