人巨细胞病毒对核因子κB信号通路的调控
Modulation of the NFκb Signalling Pathway by Human Cytomegalovirus.
作者信息
Hancock Meaghan H, Nelson Jay A
机构信息
Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.
出版信息
Virology (Hyderabad). 2017 Aug;1(1). Epub 2017 Jul 31.
Abstract
Many viruses trigger innate and adaptive immune responses and must circumvent the negative consequences to successfully establish infection in their hosts. Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is no exception, and devotes a significant portion of its coding capacity to genes involved in immune evasion. Activation of the NFκB signalling pathway by viral binding and entry results in induction of antiviral and pro-inflammatory genes that have significant negative effects on HCMV infection. However, NFκB signalling stimulates transcription from the Major Immediate Early Promoter (MIEP) and pro-inflammatory signalling is crucial for cellular differentiation and viral reactivation from latency. Accordingly, HCMV encodes proteins that act to both stimulate and inhibit the NFκB signalling pathway. In this Review we will highlight the complex interactions between HCMV and NFκB, discussing the known agonists and antagonists encoded by the virus and suggest why manipulation of the pathway may be critical for both lytic and latent infections.
摘要
许多病毒会引发先天性和适应性免疫反应，并且必须规避这些反应带来的负面影响，才能在宿主中成功建立感染。人类巨细胞病毒（HCMV）也不例外，它将相当一部分编码能力用于与免疫逃避相关的基因。病毒结合和进入引发的NFκB信号通路激活会诱导产生对抗病毒和促炎基因，这些基因对HCMV感染具有显著负面影响。然而，NFκB信号通路会刺激主要立即早期启动子（MIEP）的转录，促炎信号对于细胞分化和病毒从潜伏期重新激活至关重要。因此，HCMV编码的蛋白质既能刺激也能抑制NFκB信号通路。在本综述中，我们将重点介绍HCMV与NFκB之间的复杂相互作用，讨论该病毒已知的激动剂和拮抗剂，并探讨为何对该信号通路的操控可能对裂解性感染和潜伏性感染都至关重要。
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