Nevus Anemicus

Nevus anemicus is an uncommon congenital vascular anomaly characterized by hypopigmented cutaneous macules and patches. This lesional pallor results from localized hypersensitivity to catecholamines, which causes vasoconstriction. First identified by Vorner in 1906, nevus anemicus is distinguished by its lack of erythema in response to trauma, heat, or cold. Nevus anemicus is often mistaken for other skin conditions, such as vitiligo or nevus depigmentosus, and presents a unique diagnostic challenge in dermatology. Typically, patients have an asymptomatic pale macule or patch present since birth that grows with the child and remains asymptomatic throughout life. These lesions are often discovered incidentally during skin examinations and may be surrounded by satellite macules. They can be single or multiple and commonly appear on the upper chest, although they can occur anywhere on the body. Awareness and understanding of this condition are crucial for accurate diagnosis, helping to avoid unnecessary treatments and improve clinical outcomes.