评估哮喘和 COPD 患者的患者报告结局：在临床实践中可以推荐哪些？
Assessing patient-reported outcomes in asthma and COPD patients: which can be recommended in clinical practice?
机构信息
Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen.
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2018 Jan;24(1):18-23. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000447.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
There is a clear need for simple and reliable patient-reported outcome measures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma in daily practice. The purpose of this review is to facilitate the choice for clinicians of patient-reported outcomes which they can use in their daily practice.
RECENT FINDINGS
More than 50 patient-reported outcome measures for asthma and COPD exist and clinicians are often left confused on which to use. Four tools (two for asthma and two for COPD) can be suggested based on validity/reliability, responsiveness, practicality and are particularly convenient in terms of time to measure.
SUMMARY
On the basis of ample evidence, the COPD assessment test and the clinical COPD questionnaire for COPD and asthma control questionnaire and the asthma control test for asthma can be recommended for use in both primary care and other clinical settings. A simple guide figured as smiley faces has been designed to assist physicians to easily select the appropriate measure. With the current direction of thinking into treatable traits, targeted measures that evaluate the upper airways like the control of allergic rhinitis and asthma test may also be more used in the future.
目的综述
在日常实践中，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和哮喘患者需要简单可靠的患者报告结局测量方法。本综述的目的是为临床医生提供便利，帮助他们在日常实践中选择合适的患者报告结局测量方法。
最近发现
目前已有超过 50 种用于哮喘和 COPD 的患者报告结局测量方法，临床医生常常感到困惑，不知道该选择哪种方法。基于有效性/可靠性、反应性、实用性以及测量时间的便利性，有 4 种工具（哮喘和 COPD 各 2 种）可供推荐。
总结
基于充分的证据，可以推荐 COPD 评估测试和临床 COPD 问卷用于 COPD，哮喘控制问卷和哮喘控制测试用于哮喘，无论在初级保健还是其他临床环境中均可使用。设计了一个简单的笑脸指南，以帮助医生轻松选择合适的测量方法。随着可治疗特征的当前思维方向，未来可能会更多地使用评估上呼吸道的靶向测量方法，如过敏性鼻炎和哮喘控制测试。
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