Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Aug 2;22(1):463. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03520-x.
Asthma and allergic complications are the most common chronic disorders in children and adolescents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema among schoolchildren, and some related risk factors.
The cross-sectional study was performed in 2019 and involved 4000 students aged 6-7 years and 4000 students aged 13-14 years (both girls and boys) from urban schools in Khuzestan Province, southwestern Iran. We used the multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using the Persian version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire.
The prevalence of current wheeze, wheeze ever and asthma ever in the age group of 6-7 years was 3.8, 4.5, and 1.8%, respectively; in the age group of 13-14 years, it was 4.4, 5.9, and 3.4, respectively. In terms of gender, males (4.9, 6.0, and 2.7 percent, respectively) had substantially higher rates of current wheeze, wheeze ever, and asthma ever compared to the girls (2.8, 3.6, and 2.0 percent, respectively) (p < 0.001). The prevalence of rhinitis, Hay fever, and eczema among young people was 5.3%, 3.5%, and 1.0%, respectively. Current wheeze was more common in children with allergic rhinitis in the last 12 months (30.3% vs. 2.7%, p < 0.001), Hay fever (32.8% vs. 0.3%, p < 0.001) and eczema (27.8% vs 3.8%, p < 0.001), compared to children who did not.
The prevalence and severity of asthma symptoms were significantly associated with allergic rhinitis, eczema, and gender.
哮喘和过敏并发症是儿童和青少年最常见的慢性疾病。本研究旨在确定哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和湿疹在学童中的流行率和严重程度，以及一些相关的危险因素。
这是一项 2019 年进行的横断面研究，涉及来自伊朗西南部胡齐斯坦省城市学校的 4000 名 6-7 岁和 4000 名 13-14 岁（男女）的学生。我们使用多阶段抽样方法。使用伊朗语版的儿童国际哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）问卷收集数据。
6-7 岁年龄组的当前喘息、过去一年喘息和过去一年哮喘的患病率分别为 3.8%、4.5%和 1.8%；在 13-14 岁年龄组，这一比例分别为 4.4%、5.9%和 3.4%。就性别而言，男性（分别为 4.9%、6.0%和 2.7%）的当前喘息、过去一年喘息和过去一年哮喘的发生率明显高于女性（分别为 2.8%、3.6%和 2.0%）（p<0.001）。年轻人中鼻炎、花粉热和湿疹的患病率分别为 5.3%、3.5%和 1.0%。在过去 12 个月中，患有过敏性鼻炎的儿童中当前喘息更为常见（30.3%比 2.7%，p<0.001）、花粉热（32.8%比 0.3%，p<0.001）和湿疹（27.8%比 3.8%，p<0.001）。
哮喘症状的流行率和严重程度与过敏性鼻炎、湿疹和性别显著相关。
