Frank Deborah A, Augustyn Marilyn, Zuckerman Barry S
Child Development, Boston Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Public Health, Boston University of Public Health; Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 Jun;846(1):40-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09725.x.
Complex methodologic challenges face researchers studying the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on infant outcome. These include unavoidable imprecision in ascertaining the gestational timing and dose of cocaine to which the fetus was exposed and difficulties in identifying and quantifying the confounding, mediating, and moderating variables. Review of research on neonatal behavioral and cranial ultrasound findings following in utero cocaine exposure is used to illustrate these issues. We conclude that there are measurable but not dramatic dose-related effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on infant central nervous system structure and function. The effects of dose of prenatal cocaine exposure on later child development remain to be determined. Such research would be facilitated by a scientific consensus delineating relative doses of prenatal cocaine exposure.
研究产前接触可卡因对婴儿结局的影响的研究人员面临着复杂的方法学挑战。这些挑战包括在确定胎儿接触可卡因的妊娠时间和剂量时不可避免的不精确性，以及在识别和量化混杂、中介和调节变量方面的困难。通过回顾子宫内接触可卡因后新生儿行为和头颅超声检查结果的研究来说明这些问题。我们得出的结论是，产前接触可卡因对婴儿中枢神经系统结构和功能有可测量但不显著的剂量相关影响。产前接触可卡因的剂量对儿童后期发育的影响仍有待确定。界定产前接触可卡因的相对剂量的科学共识将有助于此类研究。
