Vargas-Ferreira Fabiana, Peres Marco Aurelio, Dumith Samuel Carvalho, Thomson William Murray, Demarco Flávio Fernando
J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2018;42(2):125-134. doi: 10.17796/1053-4628-42.2.8. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
This study estimated the prevalence, extent, buccal distribution and associated factors involving enamel defects in Brazilian schoolchildren.
A cross-sectional study using a multistage cluster random sample of 1,206 8-12-year-old Brazilian schoolchildren was carried out in Pelotas, Brazil. The prevalence of enamel defects in the permanent dentition was determined using the modified Developmental Defects of Enamel index (DDE). Sociodemographic and health data were collected from their mothers using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression modelling for DDE prevalence and negative binomial regression modelling for the extent of DDE.
The prevalence of any enamel defects was 64.0% (95% Confidence Interval: 61.4, 67.0); the main types were diffuse opacities (35.0%), demarcated opacities (29.5%) and hypoplasia (3.7%). In general, older children had a lower prevalence and extent of enamel defects than their counterparts (p<0.001). There were no other significant associations.
Enamel defects are common, especially among younger children, but the role of pre-, peri- and postnatal exposures remains unclear.
本研究估计了巴西学童中牙釉质缺陷的患病率、范围、颊侧分布及相关因素。
在巴西佩洛塔斯对1206名8至12岁的巴西学童进行了一项采用多阶段整群随机抽样的横断面研究。使用改良的牙釉质发育缺陷指数（DDE）确定恒牙列中牙釉质缺陷的患病率。通过半结构化问卷从他们的母亲那里收集社会人口学和健康数据。对DDE患病率使用泊松回归模型进行分析，对DDE范围使用负二项回归模型进行分析。
任何牙釉质缺陷的患病率为64.0%（95%置信区间：61.4, 67.0）；主要类型为弥漫性混浊（35.0%）、界限性混浊（29.5%）和发育不全（3.7%）。总体而言，年龄较大的儿童牙釉质缺陷的患病率和范围低于年龄较小的儿童（p<0.001）。没有其他显著关联。
牙釉质缺陷很常见，尤其是在年幼儿童中，但产前、围产期和产后暴露的作用仍不清楚。
