Renkema Justin M, Buitenhuis Rosemarije, Hallett Rebecca H
School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Vineland Research and Innovation Centre, 4890 Victoria Ave. N., Box 4000, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada.
Insects. 2017 Oct 31;8(4):117. doi: 10.3390/insects8040117.
(Matsumura) is a recent invasive pest of soft fruits in North and South America and Europe. Control relies on frequent applications of synthetic insecticides. Additional tactics are needed for development of an effective integrated pest management program. Study objectives were to evaluate the repellency and oviposition deterrent capability of compounds in plant essential oils and the effect of select compounds on infestation rates in strawberries, using laminate polymer flakes as a carrier. Of 14 compounds from 5 essential oils, thymol was the most repellent to adult males and females for up to 24 h in the laboratory. Citronellol, geraniol and menthol were moderately repellent. In a choice assay, thymol on cotton wicks adjacent to ripe raspberries reduced female fly landings and larval infestation levels. In a no-choice assay, thymol reduced female fly landings by 60%, larval infestation by 50% and increased fly mortality compared to controls. Neither citronellol alone nor a blend of four repellent compounds was as effective as thymol alone at reducing fly landing, larval infestation, or increasing fly mortality. In a choice assay using polymer flakes, larval infestation was greater in raspberries near untreated flakes than in raspberries near flakes treated with thymol or peppermint oil. In the field, thymol and peppermint flakes reduced larval infestation levels by 25% in strawberries at 4, but not 7, days after application, compared to untreated flakes. With future improvements in application strategies, deterrent compounds may have a role in improving the management of .
（松村氏果蝇）是北美、南美和欧洲近期出现的软果入侵性害虫。防治依赖于频繁施用合成杀虫剂。制定有效的综合虫害管理计划还需要其他策略。研究目标是评估植物精油中化合物的驱避性和产卵威慑能力，以及选定化合物对草莓侵染率的影响，使用层压聚合物薄片作为载体。在来自5种精油的14种化合物中，百里酚在实验室中对成年雌雄果蝇的驱避效果可持续长达24小时，是最具驱避性的。香茅醇、香叶醇和薄荷醇具有中等驱避性。在一项选择试验中，与成熟树莓相邻的棉芯上的百里酚减少了雌蝇着陆和幼虫侵染水平。在一项无选择试验中，与对照相比，百里酚使雌蝇着陆减少了60%，幼虫侵染减少了50%，并增加了果蝇死亡率。单独使用香茅醇或四种驱避化合物的混合物在减少果蝇着陆、幼虫侵染或增加果蝇死亡率方面都不如单独使用百里酚有效。在使用聚合物薄片的选择试验中，未处理薄片附近的树莓中的幼虫侵染率高于用百里酚或薄荷油处理的薄片附近的树莓。在田间，与未处理的薄片相比，施用后4天而非7天，百里酚和薄荷薄片使草莓中的幼虫侵染水平降低了25%。随着未来施用策略的改进，驱避化合物可能在改善……的管理方面发挥作用。
