Gertler Alan W, Sagebiel John C, Dippel William A, Farina Robert J
a Desert Research Institute , Reno , Nevada , USA.
b Chevron Research and Technology Company , Richmond , California , USA.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 1998 Mar;48(3):276-278. doi: 10.1080/10473289.1998.10463677.
This note describes the results of a study of the on-road emissions of dioxins and furans from mobile sources. This work was performed in response to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) draft document on dioxin reassessment, which used data from sources outside the United States to estimate an emission factor of 0.8 ng-TEQ/veh-mi for the U.S. fleet. The primary objective of this work was to measure on-road chlorinated dioxin and furan emission factors from in-use vehicles operating in the United States, with emphasis on heavy-duty vehicles. The experimental approach was to measure emissions in the Fort McHenry Tunnel in Baltimore, MD. All air entering and leaving the tunnel was sampled for concentrations of dioxins and furans (during 10 24-h sampling periods). The difference between the mass of material entering and the mass of material leaving the tunnel was taken to be the amount produced by the vehicles in transit. These measurements were combined with information on vehicle counts (obtained through videotapes) and tunnel length to determine average emission factors. For the limited range of vehicle operating conditions present in the tunnel experiment, the average heavy-duty diesel emission factor determined in this study was 0.28 ± 0.13 ng-TEQ/veh-mi, a factor of 3 lower than the EPA estimate.
本报告描述了一项关于移动源二噁英和呋喃道路排放的研究结果。这项工作是应美国环境保护局（EPA）关于二噁英重新评估的文件草案而开展的，该草案使用了美国以外地区的数据来估算美国车队的排放因子为0.8纳克毒性当量/车辆英里。这项工作的主要目标是测量在美国运行的在用车辆的道路氯化二噁英和呋喃排放因子，重点是重型车辆。实验方法是在马里兰州巴尔的摩的麦克亨利堡隧道测量排放。对进出隧道的所有空气进行二噁英和呋喃浓度采样（在10个24小时采样期内）。进入隧道的物质质量与离开隧道的物质质量之差被视为运输过程中车辆产生的量。这些测量结果与车辆计数信息（通过录像带获得）和隧道长度相结合，以确定平均排放因子。对于隧道实验中存在的有限车辆运行条件范围，本研究确定的平均重型柴油排放因子为0.28±0.13纳克毒性当量/车辆英里，比EPA的估计值低3倍。
