Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Jan;97:225-232. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.100. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
The standard therapy of AML for many years has been chemotherapy with or without stem transplantation. However, there has not been any tangible improvement in this treatment beyond induction through chemotherapy and consolidation with allogeneic stem cell transplantation or chemotherapy. Residual AML cells which later cause relapse mostly persist even after rigorous standard therapy. It is imperative therefore to find an alternative therapy that can take care of the residual AML cells. With a better understanding of how the immune system works to destroy tumor cells and inhibit their growth, another therapeutic option immunotherapy has emerged to address the difficulties associated with the standard therapy. Identification of leukemia-associated antigens (LAA) and the fact that T and NK cells can be activated to exert cytotoxicity on AML cells have further introduced diverse immunotherapeutic development strategies. This review discusses the merits of current immunotherapeutic strategies such as the use of antibodies, adoptive T cells and alloreactive NK cell, and vaccination as against the standard therapy of AML.
多年来，AML 的标准疗法一直是化疗联合或不联合干细胞移植。然而，除了通过化疗诱导和异基因干细胞移植或化疗巩固之外，这种治疗并没有任何实质性的改善。即使经过严格的标准治疗，残留的 AML 细胞仍会导致复发。因此，必须寻找一种替代疗法来清除残留的 AML 细胞。随着人们对免疫系统如何破坏肿瘤细胞并抑制其生长的更好理解，另一种治疗选择——免疫疗法已应运而生，以应对标准疗法带来的挑战。白血病相关抗原 (LAA) 的鉴定以及 T 细胞和 NK 细胞可以被激活以对 AML 细胞发挥细胞毒性的事实，进一步引入了多样化的免疫治疗发展策略。本文讨论了当前免疫治疗策略的优势，如抗体、过继性 T 细胞和同种反应性 NK 细胞的应用，以及疫苗接种，以对抗 AML 的标准治疗。
