Stem Cell Allotransplantation Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1202, USA.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2010 Aug;161(2):223-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04197.x. Epub 2010 May 31.
While chemotherapy is successful at inducing remission of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), the disease has a high probability of relapse. Strategies to prevent relapse involve consolidation chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation and immunotherapy. Evidence for immunosurveillance of AML and susceptibility of leukaemia cells to both T cell and natural killer (NK) cell attack and justifies the application of immune strategies to control residual AML persisting after remission induction. Immune therapy for AML includes allogeneic stem cell transplantation, adoptive transfer of allogeneic or autologous T cells or NK cells, vaccination with leukaemia cells, dendritic cells, cell lysates, peptides and DNA vaccines and treatment with cytokines, antibodies and immunomodulatory agents. Here we describe what is known about the immunological features of AML at presentation and in remission, the current status of immunotherapy and strategies combining treatment approaches with a view to achieving leukaemia cure.
虽然化疗成功地诱导了急性髓系白血病（AML）的缓解，但该疾病有很高的复发概率。预防复发的策略包括巩固化疗、干细胞移植和免疫疗法。AML 的免疫监视以及白血病细胞对 T 细胞和自然杀伤（NK）细胞攻击的易感性的证据，证明了应用免疫策略来控制缓解诱导后残留的 AML 是合理的。AML 的免疫疗法包括异基因干细胞移植、同种异体或自体 T 细胞或 NK 细胞的过继转移、用白血病细胞、树突状细胞、细胞裂解物、肽和 DNA 疫苗进行疫苗接种以及使用细胞因子、抗体和免疫调节剂进行治疗。在这里，我们描述了在 AML 发病时和缓解时的免疫特征、免疫疗法的现状以及将治疗方法相结合以实现白血病治愈的策略。
