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周期性竞争的移动五种群博弈中不同渐近状态的盆地

Basins of distinct asymptotic states in the cyclically competing mobile five species game.

作者信息

Kim Beomseok, Park Junpyo

机构信息

Department of Mathematics, KNU-Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea.

Department of Mathematical Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea.

出版信息

Chaos. 2017 Oct;27(10):103117. doi: 10.1063/1.4998984.

Abstract

We study the dynamics of cyclic competing mobile five species on spatially extended systems originated from asymmetric initial populations and investigate the basins for the three possible asymptotic states, coexistence of all species, existences of only two independent species, and the extinction. Through extensive numerical simulations, we find a prosperous dependence on initial conditions for species biodiversity. In particular, for fixed given equal densities of two relevant species, we find that only five basins for the existence of two independent species exist and they are spirally entangled for high mobility. A basin of coexistence is outbreaking when the mobility parameter is decreased through a critical value and surrounded by the other five basins. For fixed given equal densities of two independent species, however, we find that basin structures are not spirally entangled. Further, final states of two independent species are totally different. For all possible considerations, the extinction state is not witnessed which is verified by the survival probability. To provide the validity of basin structures from lattice simulations, we analyze the system in mean-field manners. Consequently, results on macroscopic levels are matched to direct lattice simulations for high mobility regimes. These findings provide a good insight into the fundamental issue of the biodiversity among many species than previous cases.

摘要

我们研究了源自不对称初始种群的空间扩展系统中循环竞争的移动五种群的动力学,并研究了三种可能渐近状态的盆地,即所有物种共存、仅存在两个独立物种以及灭绝。通过广泛的数值模拟,我们发现物种生物多样性对初始条件有很强的依赖性。特别是,对于给定的两个相关物种的固定相等密度,我们发现仅存在五个两个独立物种共存的盆地,并且在高迁移率下它们呈螺旋状纠缠。当迁移率参数通过一个临界值减小时,一个共存盆地会爆发,并被其他五个盆地包围。然而,对于给定的两个独立物种的固定相等密度,我们发现盆地结构不是螺旋状纠缠的。此外,两个独立物种的最终状态完全不同。对于所有可能的情况,未观察到灭绝状态,这通过生存概率得到了验证。为了从晶格模拟中验证盆地结构的有效性,我们用平均场方法分析了该系统。因此,宏观层面的结果与高迁移率 regime 的直接晶格模拟相匹配。这些发现比以前的情况更深入地洞察了许多物种之间生物多样性的基本问题。

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