Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, Département d'études cognitives, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 29 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2017 Oct;142(4):2219. doi: 10.1121/1.5007730.
The acquisition of auditory memory for temporal patterns was investigated. The temporal patterns were random sequences of irregularly spaced clicks. Participants performed a task previously used to study auditory memory for noise [Agus, Thorpe, and Pressnitzer (2010). Neuron 66, 610-618]. The memory for temporal patterns displayed strong similarities with the memory for noise: temporal patterns were learnt rapidly, in an unsupervised manner, and could be distinguished from statistically matched patterns after learning. There was, however, a qualitative difference from the memory for noise. For temporal patterns, no memory transfer was observed after time reversals, showing that both the time intervals and their order were represented in memory. Remarkably, learning was observed over a broad range of time scales, which encompassed rhythm-like and buzz-like temporal patterns. Temporal patterns present specific challenges to the neural mechanisms of plasticity, because the information to be learnt is distributed over time. Nevertheless, the present data show that the acquisition of novel auditory memories can be as efficient for temporal patterns as for sounds containing additional spectral and spectro-temporal cues, such as noise. This suggests that the rapid formation of memory traces may be a general by-product of repeated auditory exposure.
研究了听觉对时间模式的记忆获取。这些时间模式是不规则间隔点击的随机序列。参与者执行了一个先前用于研究噪声听觉记忆的任务[Agus、Thorpe 和 Pressnitzer（2010）。神经元 66，610-618]。时间模式的记忆与噪声的记忆有很强的相似性：时间模式可以快速、无监督地学习，并且可以在学习后与统计匹配的模式区分开来。然而，与噪声的记忆存在质的差异。对于时间模式，在时间反转后没有观察到记忆转移，这表明时间间隔及其顺序都在记忆中得到了表示。值得注意的是，学习发生在广泛的时间尺度范围内，包括类似节奏和嗡嗡声的时间模式。时间模式对可塑性的神经机制提出了具体的挑战，因为要学习的信息是分布在时间上的。然而，目前的数据表明，新型听觉记忆的获取对于时间模式和包含附加频谱和时频谱线索的声音（如噪声）一样高效。这表明，记忆痕迹的快速形成可能是重复听觉暴露的普遍副产品。
