Protective effects of chrysin on sub-acute diazinon-induced biochemical, hematological, histopathological alterations, and genotoxicity indices in male BALB/c mice.

Chrysin (CH) is a natural flavone which possesses antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of CH on biochemical parameters, histopathological changes, and genotoxicity and hematological indices in diazinon (DZN)-induced toxicity in BALB/c mice. We induced sub-acute toxicity in mice using DZN (20 mg/kg/day) and treated them with CH at the 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg/day five times/week in 28 days. In our study, DZN increased lipid profile and liver function tests (LFTs) and creatinine (Cr) but decreased the red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (RBC-AChE) activity and glucose level. Also, CH when co-treated with DZN changed the LFTs, lipid profile, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and bilirubin total (Bili-T). Moreover, a significant decrease in RBCs, hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (HCT) level, and platelet counts were seen in DZN group but WBCs, lymphocytes, and neutrophils count increased. CH 25 and 50 mg/kg significantly improved alterations of WBCs, RBCs, Hgb, HCT, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and reticulocytes count when co-treated with DZN. Moreover, the co-administration of CH plus DZN recovered histopathological alterations in liver and kidney, as well as, improved the absolute and relative weight of kidney and liver. DZN induced the formation of bone marrow micronuclei (MN) but CH 50 mg/kg decreased the MN formation when co-treated with DZN. These results suggest that CH not only restores renal and hepatic markers, and histopathological alterations but also improves hematological and genotoxicity indices induced by DZN in mice.