Binns Colin, Lee Mi Kyung, Low Wah Yun, Zerfas Alfred
1 School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
2 School of Health Professions, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Asia Pac J Public Health. 2017 Oct;29(7):617-624. doi: 10.1177/1010539517736441.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) replaced the Millennium Development Goals (MDCs) in 2015, which included several goals and targets primarily related to nutrition: to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger and to reduce child mortality and improve maternal health. In the Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health (APACPH) member countries as a group, infant and child mortality were reduced by more than 65% between 1990 and 2015, achieving the MDG target of two-thirds reduction, although these goals were not achieved by several smaller countries. The SDGs are broader in focus than the MDGs, but include several goals that relate directly to nutrition: 2 (zero hunger-food), 3 (good health and well-being-healthy life), and 12 (responsible consumption and production-sustainability). Other SDGs that are closely related to nutrition are 4 and 5 (quality education and equality in gender-education and health for girls and mothers, which is very important for infant health) and 13 (climate action). Goal 3 is "good health and well-being," which includes targets for child mortality, maternal mortality, and reducing chronic disease. The Global Burden of Disease Project has confirmed that the majority of risk for these targets can be attributed to nutrition-related targets. Dietary Guidelines were developed to address public health nutrition risk in the Asia Pacific region at the 48th APACPH 2016 conference and they are relevant to the achievement of the SDGs. Iron deficiency increases the risk of maternal death from haemorrhage, a cause of 300000 deaths world-wide each year. Improving diets and iron supplementation are important public health interventions in the APACPH region. Chronic disease and obesity rates in the APACPH region are now a major challenge and healthy life course nutrition is a major public health priority in answering this challenge. This article discusses the role of public health nutrition in achieving the SDGs. It also examines the role of APACPH in education and advocacy and in fulfilling the educational needs of public health students in public health nutrition.
可持续发展目标（SDGs）于2015年取代了千年发展目标（MDGs），千年发展目标包括几个主要与营养相关的目标和具体指标：消除极端贫困和饥饿，降低儿童死亡率，改善孕产妇健康。作为一个整体，亚太公共卫生学术联盟（APACPH）成员国的婴幼儿死亡率在1990年至2015年间降低了65%以上，实现了千年发展目标中降低三分之二的具体指标，不过一些较小的国家并未实现这些目标。可持续发展目标的关注范围比千年发展目标更广，但包括几个直接与营养相关的目标：目标2（零饥饿——粮食）、目标3（良好健康与福祉——健康生活）和目标12（负责任的消费和生产——可持续性）。其他与营养密切相关的可持续发展目标是目标4和目标5（优质教育和性别平等——女童和母亲的教育与健康，这对婴儿健康非常重要）以及目标13（气候行动）。目标3是“良好健康与福祉”，其中包括儿童死亡率、孕产妇死亡率以及减少慢性病方面的具体指标。全球疾病负担项目已证实，这些具体指标的大部分风险可归因于与营养相关的目标。在2016年第48届APACPH会议上制定了饮食指南，以应对亚太地区的公共卫生营养风险，这些指南与实现可持续发展目标相关。缺铁会增加孕产妇因出血而死亡的风险，每年全球有30万人死于出血。改善饮食和补充铁剂是APACPH地区重要的公共卫生干预措施。APACPH地区的慢性病和肥胖率如今是一项重大挑战，健康生命历程营养是应对这一挑战的一项主要公共卫生优先事项。本文讨论了公共卫生营养在实现可持续发展目标中的作用。还探讨了APACPH在教育与宣传以及满足公共卫生专业学生在公共卫生营养方面的教育需求中的作用。
