Wirth Robert, Janczyk Markus, Kunde Wilfried
Department of Psychology.
Department of Psychology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2018 Apr;44(4):553-571. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000474. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
Actions aim to produce effects in the environment. To accomplish this properly, we not only have to recruit the appropriate motor patterns, but also we must be able to monitor whether an intended effect has ultimately been realized. Here, we investigated the impact of such effect monitoring on performance in multitasking situations: Multitasking basically means to produce and monitor multiple actions and effects in fast succession. We show that effect monitoring cannot run in parallel, without causing processing decrements, with a second task. Also, monitoring of effects that are spatially incompatible to a response seems to take longer than the monitoring of spatially compatible action effects (Experiments 1 through 4). We further argue that effect monitoring is essential toward learning of response-effect associations, as it captures not only anticipated action effects, but also unpredictable occurrences in the environment (Experiments 5a and 5b). (PsycINFO Database Record
行动旨在在环境中产生效果。为了恰当地实现这一点，我们不仅必须调用适当的运动模式，而且还必须能够监测预期的效果是否最终得以实现。在此，我们研究了这种效果监测对多任务情境中表现的影响：多任务处理基本上意味着快速连续地产生和监测多种行动及效果。我们发现，效果监测不能与第二项任务并行进行而不导致处理能力下降。此外，对与反应在空间上不兼容的效果进行监测似乎比对空间上兼容的行动效果进行监测花费的时间更长（实验1至4）。我们进一步认为，效果监测对于学习反应 - 效果关联至关重要，因为它不仅捕捉预期的行动效果，还捕捉环境中不可预测的事件（实验5a和5b）。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
